Colophon primosi ()

About

The Colophon genus is classified under the Lucanidae family and consists of over seventeen described species of beetles, all of which are endemic to South Africa. The name of the genus is derived from the Greek word "kolophon", which translates into "summit" or "peak", excellently describing their habitat.

Males are bigger than females and have large mandibles which they use for combat in rivalry for females by flipping their opponents onto their backs. On the other hand, females are smaller (up to 22 mm long) and have tiny mandibles.

The larvae diet consists of roots of the Restioniaceae plant family. Adult beetles are incapable of flight, which makes them vulnerable to frequent fires and climate change in their natural habitat. They inhabit high-altitude mountainous areas of the Cape Floristic Region, also known as Fynbos. This habitat is situated from 1000 to 2000 meters above sea level and is a gigantic biodiversity hotspot due to its peculiar environment.

These beetles are critically endangered and thus were listed in CITES under Appendix II, being banned from all profit involving this species to prevent them from being snooped by collectors. Unfortunately, this further increased their price on the black market.